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Book title: Biosensors for Direct Monitoring of Environmental Pollutants in Field
Edition: 38
Editors: Nikolelis DP, Krull UJ, Wang J, Mascini M
Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers
City: Dordrecht
ISBN: 0-7923-4867-2
Series title: NATO ASI Ser., Ser 2

Abstract: The nature of the interactions between biomolecules, like proteins and enzymes, and smaller molecules or ligands has prompted the development of novel recognition elements for ion-selective electrodes. This article will focus on biomimetic ionophore design and polymer imprinting as approaches to incorporate biorecognition elements into ISEs. From the interaction of arginine residues in proteins with oxoanions, guanidinium functionalities were incorporated in simpler and sturdier organic compounds to result in ionophores selective to hydrogen sulfite and to salicylate. The preparation of an imprinted polymer complimentary in size, shape and charge to the analyte resulted in the development of polypyrrole-based nitrate-selective electrodes that were later incorporated in a gas sensor for NOx.