Abstract: In this paper, an eco-compatible molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoreactor which synthesized via miniemulsion polymerization has been designed and its catalytic activity investigated in multi-component reaction transformations for the first time. The synthesized MIP nanoreactor was characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetric, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The imidazole template-derived sites created within a polymeric matrix allow MIP nanoreactors to directly catalyze the reaction and conduct to the target molecule. The results show the applicability of MIP nanoreactors in a one-pot expeditious synthesis of tri- and tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives via pseudo-four and four-component reactions with excellent yields and purities. In addition, biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of MIP nanoparticles were examined and no obvious adverse effects on the viability of human fibroblast (HDF) cells were observed. This green and facile catalytic route has an easy set-up and the products are easily isolated without tedious purification such as aqueous work-up or chromatography in high purity. Meanwhile, MIP nanoreactors showed admirable potential in reusable catalysis recycled several runs without losing significant activities