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Abstract: We have reported that optical resolution of racemic alpha-amino acids and derivatives of those was attained by molecularly imprinted polymeric membranes, which were prepared from oligopeptide derivatives, derivatives of natural polymer, and entirely non-chiral synthetic polymers. We have applied alternative molecular imprinting technique to our studies that is based on inducing "molecular memory" in a membrane substrate at the same time of membrane formation. It is not only an interesting but also an important subject to derive a guideline for molecular design of candidate materials of molecularly imprinted membranes giving higher membrane performance. To this end, various factors governing chiral recognition ability of molecularly imprinted oligopeptide membranes were investigated.