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Abstract: The simultaneous presence of heavy metals and organic acids in nature and wastewaters and their competition for adsorption sites determine the migration, transformation and fate of pollutants in the environment. A Cd2+-ion-imprinted polymer (Cd2+-IIP) with a thiol-functional group was hydrothermally synthesized by a surface imprinting technique combined with ultrasonic heating for selective adsorption of Cd2+ from wastewaters. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM, EDS, XPS, BET and FT-IR measurements. The experimental results concerning Cd2+ adsorption from single-, binary-, ternary- and quaternary-metal aqueous solutions containing Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ revealed high selectivity. In binary-metal solutions, relative selectivity coefficients for Cd2+ in respect to Cd2+/Cu2+, Cd2+/Ni2+, and Cd2+/Zn2+ were as high as 3.74, 5.73 and 4.15, respectively. In multi-metal solutions, competing heavy metal ions had little effect on the adsorption of Cd2+ attributed to the high selectivity of Cd2+-IIP towards Cd2+ determined by its coordination geometry. The effect of low-molecular weight organic acids on the Cd2+ adsorption was also studied and the results showed that the presence of tartaric, citric and oxalic acids as admixtures in Cd2+ aqueous solutions noticeably reduced the cation adsorption in a wide range of concentrations with the minor exception of low contents of citric and tartaric acids slightly improving adsorption
Template and target information: cadmium ion, Cd(II)