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Abstract: We investigated electrochemical measurements with interdigitated array (IDA) electrodes in both stationary solutions and flow systems. In a stationary solution, we achieved a very low detection limit of 10 pM of reversible redox species by using substitutional stripping voltammetry, which is a new type of stripping voltammetry using an IDA microelectrode. In flow systems, current enhancement by redox cycling is less effective than that in a stationary solution. The flow rate dependence of redox cycling is constant in the amperometric region, varies with coulometric yield in the quasi-amperometric region, and is inversely proportional to the 2/3 power of the volume flow rate in the coulometric region. A low detection limit of 5 fg (32 amol) is obtained for dopamine due to the high current density and low background noise level (0.1pA) at the carbon-based IDA microelectrode used as a detector for liquid chromatography. A new separation approach is demonstrated which combines electrochemical detection and a molecular template. The electrode is first partly covered with print molecules and then modified with silane coupling reagent. The catechol-imprinted electrode shows the usual diffusion- limited cyclic voltammogram of catechol and has a diminished response against all catecholamines. The selectivity between catechol and epinephrine is about 100 when the electrode is used as an electrochemical detector in liquid chromatography. (C) 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd