Abstract: This paper developed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method for detecting ultratrace levels of the highly toxic organic pollutant, 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA), in water. This method has not been used previously for 3,4-DCA detection, and is based on a 96-well micro-plate modified with molecularly imprinted sal-gel films combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MIF-MWCNTs). The increase in the ECL signal intensity was proportional to the 3,4-DCA concentration within a certain range, and an excellent response was obtained for 3,4-DCA concentrations ranging from 4 x 10(-11) to 6 x 10(-9) mol L-1, with a low detection limit (LOD) of 1 x 10(-11) mol L-1. The detection sensitivity of the present method is higher than those of the most commonly used chromatography methods, with the recovery of 3,4-DCA from spiked samples of water ranging from 83.3 to 110.5%. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of 3,4-DCA by the MIF-MWCNTs occurred spontaneously as an exothermic and entropy decreasing process (Delta H = -32.49 kJ mol(-1), Delta S = -117.89 J mol(-1)). Kinetic equation fitting demonstrated that the adsorption of 3,4-DCA could be fitted by an intraparticle diffusion model, and that the adsorption isotherm data fitted the Freundlich model. (C) 2013 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved
Template and target information: 3,4-dichloroaniline, 3,4-DCA